Mefuta ea li-Kilns tsa ho Chesa Litene tsa letsopa

Ena ke kakaretso e felletseng ea mefuta ea libono tse sebelisetsoang ho chesa litene tsa letsopa, phetoho ea tsona ea nalane, melemo le mathata, le ts'ebeliso ea sejoale-joale:

1. Mefuta e ka Sehloohong ea Likotlolo tsa Litene tsa Clay

(Tlhokomeliso: Ka lebaka la mefokolo ea sethala, ha ho litšoantšo tse kentsoeng mona, empa ho fanoe ka litlhaloso tse tloaelehileng tsa sebopeho le mantsoe a bohlokoa a ho batla.)

1.1 Traditional Clamp Kiln

• Histori: Mofuta oa khale ka ho fetisisa oa sebōpi, oa mehleng ea Neolithic, o hahiloeng ka marako a lefatše kapa marako a majoe, ho kopanya mafura le litene tse tala.

• Sebopeho: Sebaka se bulehileng kapa se ka tlas'a lefatše, ha se na flue e tsitsitseng, se itšetlehile ka moea oa tlhaho.

• Batla Mantsoe a sehlooho: "Sets'oants'o sa setso sa sebōpi sa clamp."

• Melemo:

  • Kaho e bonolo, theko e tlase haholo.

  • E loketse tlhahiso e nyane, ea nakoana.

• Mefokolo:

  • Matla a tlase a mafura (10-20% feela).

  • Ho laola mocheso o thata, boleng ba sehlahisoa bo sa tsitsang.

  • Tšilafalo e matla (mesi e phahameng ea mosi le CO₂).

1.2 Hoffmann Kiln

• Histori: E qapiloe ka 1858 ke moenjiniere oa Lejeremane Friedrich Hoffmann; e tloaelehileng lekholong la bo19 la lilemo le mathoasong a lekholo la bo20 la lilemo.

• Sebopeho: Likamore tse chitja kapa tse likhutlo li kopantsoe ka letoto; litene li lula li le teng ha sebaka sa ho thunya se ntse se tsamaea.

• Batla Mantsoe a sehlooho: "Hoffmann kiln cross-section."

• Melemo:

  • Tlhahiso e tsoelang pele e khoneha, ts'ebetso e ntle ea mafura (30-40%).

  • Ts'ebetso e bonolo, e loketseng tlhahiso ea maemo a mahareng.

• Mefokolo:

  • Ho lahleheloa ke mocheso o phahameng ho tloha mohahong oa sebōpi.

  • Mosebetsi o boima, o nang le kabo e sa lekaneng ea mocheso.

1.3 Sebōpi sa Tunnel

• Histori: E ile ea tuma mathoasong a lekholo la bo20 la lilemo; hona joale ke mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa tlhahiso ea indasteri.

• Sebopeho: Tonnoro e telele eo ho eona likoloi tsa sebōpi tse tletseng litene li fetang li sa khaotse libakeng tse futhumatsang pele, tsa ho thunya le tse batang.

• Batla Mantsoe a sehlooho: “Sebōpi sa kotopo sa litene.”

• Melemo:

  • Boiketsetso bo phahameng, matla a mocheso a 50-70%.

  • Taolo e nepahetseng ea mocheso le boleng bo tsitsitseng ba sehlahisoa.

  • E na le tikoloho (e khonang ho tsosolosa mocheso oa litšila le desulfurization).

• Mefokolo:

  • Litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa pele tsa matsete le tlhokomelo.

  • E sebetsa ka moruo feela bakeng sa tlhahiso e kholo e tsoelang pele.

1.4 Libotlolo tsa Sejoale-joale tsa Khase le Motlakase

• Histori: E thehiloe lekholong la bo21 la lilemo ho latela litlhoko tsa tikoloho le tsa theknoloji, tse atisang ho sebelisoa bakeng sa litene tse phahameng kapa tse khethehileng.

• Sebopeho: Libōpi tse kentsoeng tse futhumetseng ka likarolo tsa motlakase kapa litofo tsa khase, tse nang le lisebelisoa tse laolang mocheso ka botlalo.

• Batla Mantsoe a sehlooho: “Sebōpi sa motlakase bakeng sa litene,” “sebōpi se chesitsoeng ka khase.”

• Melemo:

  • Mesi e tsoang ho Zero (liotlolo tsa motlakase) kapa tšilafalo e tlase (liotlolo tsa khase).

  • Ho tšoana ho ikhethang ha mocheso (ka hare ho ± 5 ° C).

• Mefokolo:

  • Litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ts'ebetso (tse sa tsotelleng motlakase kapa theko ea khase).

  • E itšetlehile ka phepelo e tsitsitseng ea matla, e fokotsa ho sebetsa.

2. Tsoelo-pele ea Histori ea Licheso tsa Litene

• Mehleng ea Khale ho isa ho 19th Century: Haholo-holo li-clamp kilns le li-kilne tsa mofuta oa batch tse besitsoeng ke patsi kapa mashala, tse nang le ts'ebetso e tlase haholo ea tlhahiso.

• Bohareng ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo: Ho qaptjoa ha sebōpi sa Hoffmann ho nolofalelitse tlhahiso e tsoelang pele le ho khothalletsa kholo ea indasteri.

• Lekholong la bo20 la lilemo: Li-kilns tsa tunnel li ile tsa ata, li kopanya mechine le li-automation, li etella pele indasteri ea tlhahiso ea litene tsa letsopa; melaoana ea tikoloho e boetse e tsamaisitse lintlafatso joalo ka tlhoekiso ea khase ea flue le lits'ebetso tsa ho khutlisa mocheso oa litšila.

• Lekholong la bo21 la lilemo: Ho hlaha ha li-kilns tse hloekileng tsa matla (khase ea tlhaho, motlakase) le ho amoheloa ha mekhoa ea tsamaiso ea dijithale (PLC, IoT) e ile ea fetoha maemo.

3. Papiso ea Li-Kilns tsa Kajeno tsa Mainstream

4. Lintlha tsa Bohlokoa ho Khetho ea Kiln

• Sekhahla sa Tlhahiso: Nyenyane e loketse libotlolo tsa Hoffmann; tekanyo e kholo e hloka li-kilns tsa kotopo.

• Ho fumaneha ha Mafura: Libaka tse nang le mashala a mangata li rata litofo tsa likotopo; libaka tse nang le khase e ngata li ka nahana ka libono tsa khase.

• Litlhoko tsa Tikoloho: Libaka tse tsoetseng pele li hloka libotlolo tsa khase kapa tsa motlakase; ho chesa likotopo ho ntse ho tloaelehile linaheng tse tsoelang pele.

• Mofuta oa Sehlahisoa: Litene tse tloaelehileng tsa letsopa li sebelisa litofo tsa kotopo, athe litene tse khethehileng li hloka lionto tse nang le taolo e nepahetseng ea mocheso.

5. Mekhoa ea Bokamoso

• Taolo e Bohlale: Liparamente tsa ho tuka tse ntlafalitsoeng ke AI, tlhahlobo ea sepakapaka ea nako ea nnete ka har'a libotlolo.

• Khabone e tlase: Liteko tsa li-kilns tse fetsitsoeng ka hydrogen le mefuta e meng ea biomass.

• Moqapi oa Modular: Li-kilns tse entsoeng esale pele bakeng sa kopano e potlakileng le tokiso ea bokhoni bo feto-fetohang.