Pali zinyalala zambiri zomwe zimapangidwira panthawi yopanga migodi, makamaka zinyalala zolimba zomwe zimapangidwira popangira migodi ndi ma ore kuvala, monga miyala ya slag, zida zamatope, malasha gangue, ndi zina zambiri.
Kwa nthawi yaitali, zinyalala zambiri za michira zaunjika ngati mapiri. Izi sizimangotenga malo ochuluka a nthaka yamtengo wapatali komanso zimawononga kwambiri chilengedwe. Zinyalalazi zili ndi zitsulo zolemera zosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zovulaza, zomwe zimawopseza chilengedwe komanso thanzi la anthu.
Makina Opangira Njerwa Zamtundu Wangda: Chida Chamatsenga Chosinthira Kuwola kukhala Chodabwitsa
Makina opangira njerwa amtundu wa Wangda amatengera umisiri wapamwamba kwambiri ndi njira zake ndipo amapangidwa mwachindunji molingana ndi mawonekedwe a zinyalala monga zinyalala za tailings. Imatha kutembenuza zinyalala za tailings kukhala njerwa zapamwamba kwambiri pambuyo pa chithandizo chambiri.
Njira yogwirira ntchito ya makina opanga njerwa amtundu wa Wangda makamaka imakhala ndi masitepe anayi ofunika: kukonza zinthu zopangira, kusakaniza, kuumba, ndi sintering.
Raw Material Processing: Choyamba, zinyalala zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zimafufuzidwa ndikuphwanyidwa kuti zichotse zonyansa zazikulu ndi zinthu zakunja, kuwonetsetsa kuti kukula kwa tinthu kumakwaniritsa zofunikira pakukonza kotsatira. Pambuyo powunikiridwa ndi kuphwanyidwa, zinyalala za tailings zimadyetsedwa mu silo yodzipatulira yaiwisi, kuyembekezera sitepe yotsatira yokonza. [Lowetsani zithunzi za zida zopangira zinthu (monga zophwanyira ndi zowonera zonjenjemera) zomwe zikugwira ntchito]
Kusakaniza: Mu siteji yosakaniza, zowonongeka zowonongeka ndi zowonjezera zowonjezera (monga zomangira, etc.) zimawonjezeredwa ku chosakaniza molingana ndi gawo linalake. Kupyolera mu kusonkhezera kwachangu kwa chosakanizira, zinyalala za tailings ndi zowonjezera zimasakanizidwa mokwanira ndi mofanana kuti zikhale zopangira zopangira njerwa zokhala ndi pulasitiki wabwino. [Lowetsani zithunzi za masamba osakaniza mkati mwa chosakaniza chomwe chikugwira ntchito ndi kusakaniza kwa zopangira]
Kuumba: Zosakaniza zosakaniza bwino zimaperekedwa ku makina opangira njerwa. Makina opangira njerwa amtundu wa Wangda amatengera ukadaulo wopangira ma hydraulic, womwe umatha kukanikiza zopangirazo kukhala zopanda njerwa zamitundu yosiyanasiyana komanso mawonekedwe munthawi yochepa. Zosokera za njerwa zowumbidwa zimakhala ndi kachulukidwe kwambiri komanso mphamvu, zomwe zimayika maziko abwino anjira yotsatsira. [Lowetsani zithunzi zosinthika kapena zojambula za njerwa-zopangira makina opangira njerwa zopanda kanthu]
Sintering: Pamene njerwa zikusoweka apangidwa, iwo amadyetsedwa mu ng'anjo ya kutentha sintering ndondomeko sintering. M'malo otenthetsera kutentha kwambiri, zonyansa zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala zowononga mu njerwa zimawotchedwa, ndipo pamapeto pake, njerwa zolimba kwambiri zimapangidwa. Mng'anjo yowotchera yomwe imayenderana mwapadera ndi makina opangira njerwa amtundu wa Wangda imagwiritsa ntchito mawonekedwe osapatsa mphamvu komanso owoneka bwino. Kapangidwe kameneka kamatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa mphamvu ndikuthandizira kupanga bwino. [Lowetsani zithunzi za kunja kwa ng'anjo yowotchera ndi mmene kuwotchera kwa njerwa zikusowekamo.]
Sintering: Pambuyo popanga njerwa, amatumizidwa mu ng'anjo yotentha kwambiri kuti aziwotchera. M'malo otenthetsera kutentha kwambiri, zonyansa zosiyanasiyana zamankhwala zowononga njerwa zimawotchedwa, ndipo pomaliza, njerwa zolimba kwambiri zimapangidwa. Mng'anjo ya sintering yomwe imapangidwira mwapadera makina opangira njerwa ya Wangda - kupanga makina opangira mphamvu - kupulumutsa komanso kupanga bwino, komwe kumatha kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito. [Lowetsani zithunzi za maonekedwe a ng'anjo yowotchera ndi kuwotcha kwa njerwa zomwe zikusoweka mkati]
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-15-2025