Mawu Oyamba
Njerwa zadongo, zomwe zimadziwika kuti mbiri ya chitukuko cha anthu mumatope ndi moto zimazimitsidwa kuchokera ku crystallization yowala, komanso mtsinje wautali wa chikhalidwe cha zomangamanga mu "zotsalira zamoyo" zamoyo. Pazofunikira pakupulumuka kwa anthu - chakudya, zovala, nyumba, ndi mayendedwe, kusintha kwachitukuko chanyumba, kumawunikiranso kufunikira kofunikira kwa njerwa ndi matailosi.
Kupanga Makina Opangira Njerwa
Ukadaulo Wakale Wopanga Njerwa
“njerwa Yoyamba ya ku China” yofukulidwa ku Lantian, Xi’an, inatenga zaka zoposa 5,000 ndipo imachitira umboni nzeru za makolo a ku China. Zaka 2,000 zapitazo, mu nthawi ya njerwa ya Qin ndi matailosi a Han, makampani opanga njerwa anali atayamba kale: Mzera wa Qin udatsogola pakutsegulira kokhazikika kwa njerwa zadongo, ndikuyika maziko a ndondomekoyi ndi mfundo za "utali wa phazi limodzi, theka la phazi m'lifupi ndi mainchesi atatu kukhuthala", kuwonjezeredwa ndi njira zakale zophwanyira miyala, kusakaniza ndi kupanga nyama. mizere yamakampani opanga njerwa m'masiku oyambirira. M'nthawi ya Tang, Song, Ming, ndi Qing Dynasties, kukhazikitsidwa kwa gudumu lamadzi, chipangizo chosakanikirana ndi madzi, chinawonetsa kusintha kwa njira yopangira njerwa kuchokera kwa anthu kupita ku gawo latsopano lopatsidwa mphamvu ndi mphamvu zachilengedwe, ndikuyika maziko a chitukuko chotsatira.
Kupambana kwaukadaulo wamakina opangira njerwa
Kupangidwa kwa injini ya nthunzi kunayambitsa kukula kwa mafakitale, komanso kunakhudza chitukuko cha makampani opanga njerwa, kusintha momwe zinthu zinalili zaka masauzande apitalo a kuvula nkhungu zamatabwa, mu 1850, United Kingdom inatsogolera ntchito yopangira njerwa zopangira njerwa. Zimango m'malo Buku, mphamvu kuchuluka kangapo, ndiyeno mwamsanga kufalikira mu Europe, ndi kulimbikitsa Hoffman ng'anjo zosintha ndi kusintha, mu 1873 German Schlichtson anakonza yogwira m'munsi silo kuthamanga dongo mbale kutsinde, 1910 ndi kumene anatulukira galimoto magetsi m'malo mwa injini nthunzi, kuti wononga wononga extruder, makina njerwa ndi yophweka kwambiri kupanga makina opangidwa ndi njerwa. ndipo wakhala gawo lalikulu pamakampani opanga njerwa.
Wamba njerwa makina makamaka kudzera wononga kasinthasintha ya zopangira pressurized extrusion mu mipiringidzo dongo amakona anayi, ndiyeno mwa kudula kapamwamba kudula makina kudula mu zosoweka njerwa kukwaniritsa zofunika kukula. Mwachidule, makina wamba njerwa ndi chochepetsera kuphatikiza wononga chozungulira mu silinda yamatope pa mfundo yoyambira.
Kubadwa ndi kutchuka kwa makina opangira njerwa za vacuum
Kampani yaku Germany Linge mu 1930 kwa nthawi yoyamba makina opumulira a makina a njerwa, kuyambitsa makina opangira njerwa. Mfundo yogwira ntchito ndi yakuti screw isanayambe
kutulutsa zinthu zopangira, pampu ya vacuum imatulutsa mpweya muzinthu zopangira, imachepetsa kupanikizika koyipa mu bin yachinsinsi yosindikizira ya njerwa, imachepetsa mpweya mu billet, imachotsa thovu la mpweya wa billet, ndikuwonjezera kulimba ndi mphamvu ya billet.
M’zaka za m’ma 1950, dziko la China linayambitsa umisiri woumba njerwa kuchokera ku dziko lomwe kale linali Soviet Union, kutsegulira njira yopangira njerwa zotukuka. Mu 1978, ndi kufulumira kwa kusintha ndi kutsegula, Ulaya ndi United States analoŵetsedwa m’dzikolo umisiri wotsogola woumba njerwa, ndipo makina oyamba oumba njerwa a mtundu wa bipolar extruder anapangidwa. Tekinoloje iyi idatsogola ku Henan, Shandong, Heilongjiang, ndi malo ena kuti izike mizu, ndipo mwachangu idapanga njira yayikulu yopangira.
Kupititsa patsogolo Makina Opangira Njerwa Za Vacuum
Makina Opangira Njerwa ku China amawonetsa mphamvu zotsogola - osati kungotengera luso laukadaulo wapadziko lonse lapansi, komanso kulimbikitsa kusintha komwe kumachitika m'malo mwanzeru ndi mwaluso. Tengani chitsanzo cha Henan Wangda Brick Machinery Factory, mtundu wake wa "Wangda" JKY55/55-4.0 ndi zitsanzo zapamwambazi zazindikira zotsogola zingapo zaukadaulo, zomwe zakhala chitsanzo chokhazikika pakukweza kwamakampaniwo.
1. Makina ochepetsera: magiya owumitsidwa ndi kuthira kokakamiza
reducer imatengera makina olimba olimba ndi chipangizo cholimba choyatsira mafuta. Magiya owumitsidwa amakonzedwa kudzera mu njira yochizira kutentha, ndipo magiya okonzedwanso amayeretsedwanso pambuyo pa seepage, kuzimitsa, ndi normalizing kuti athetse zolakwika ndi kupsinjika maganizo. Magiya omwe adatenthedwa ndi kutentha ndi zida zolimba. Ndiyeno kulimba sikungachepetsedwe nthawi yomweyo, kuwongolera kuuma kwa dzino, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ndi kukana, kukakamiza kudzoza kumadutsa pampu yamagetsi kupita kumafuta opaka mafuta kudzera papaipi yamafuta kupita kumadera opaka mafuta, kotero kuti giya lililonse pamwamba ndi chilichonse kuti mupeze kuchuluka koyenera kwamafuta kuti muchepetse kuwonongeka ndi kung'ambika kwa zigawozo, kuwonjezera moyo wautumiki.
2. Kapangidwe ka spindle: kugwirizira kulumikizana kwa mtundu wa shaft ndi njira yoyandama ya shaft
Spindle imatenga cholumikizira chamtundu wa shaft, chomwe chimatsimikizira kukhazikika kwa shaft yayikulu ndikupewa kugwedezeka kwa makina. Spindle base imatenga ma thrust bearings, mayendedwe ozungulira awiri pogwiritsa ntchito. Kukhala ndi mpando wokhala ndi diski ya asbestos yokhala ndi chisindikizo chamafuta ndi kusindikiza kwina kwamakanema ambiri kuti mutsimikizire kusindikizidwa kwa bokosi la vacuum. Shaft yayikulu mu silinda yamatope imakonzedwa bwino ndi njira yoyandama ya socket, shaft yoyandama imatha kudzifotokozera yokha Chongqing zopangira zitakulowetsani basi. Dongosolo loyandama la shaft kuti tsinde lalikulu lisaduke, kudziyika pawokha popewa kupindika kwakukulu komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kugwedezeka kwa thupi.
3. Main spiral: mawonekedwe osinthika a phula ndi zida zapamwamba za chrome
Kuwongolera kwakukulu kozungulira, choyamba, mumayendedwe akusintha kwa phula, kugwiritsa ntchito kudyetsa, komanso kupanikizika kwambiri. Pressurization, amphamvu extrusion ndondomeko, kuti billet compactness chinawonjezeka ndi 30%, mphamvu yonyowa billet kuti Mu4.0 kapena kuposa, chonyowa njerwa billet bwalo kutalika pafupifupi khumi zigawo, wamba njerwa makina chonyowa billet bwalo zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri. Zinthu zozungulira zimapangidwa ndi aloyi wamkulu wa chrome, moyo ndi nthawi 4-6 za mpweya wamba wachitsulo, womwe umapangitsa kuti ozungulira asavale, kumawonjezera moyo wautumiki, ndikuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kukonza.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-10-2025