Okulandelayo isifinyezo somehluko, izinqubo zokukhiqiza, izimo zohlelo lokusebenza, izinzuzo kanye nokubi kwezitini ze-sintered, izitini ze-sintered block (amabhulokhi kakhonkolo) nezitini zegwebu (ngokuvamile kubhekisela kumabhulokhi kakhonkolo ane-aerated noma amabhulokhi kakhonkolo wegwebu), okulungele ukukhethwa okunengqondo kumaphrojekthi wokwakha:
I. I-Core Difference Comparison
| Iphrojekthi | Sintered Brick | Isitina Sosimende (Ibhulokhi Kakhonkolo) | Isitini Segwebu (Ibhulokhi Enokhonkolo Enomoya / Eyigwebu) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Izinto Ezibalulekile | Ubumba, i-shale, umlotha wokundiza, njll. (kudinga ukudubula) | Usimende, isihlabathi namatshe, inhlanganisela (itshe elichotshoziwe / i-slag, njll.) | Usimende, umlotha wempukane, into eyenza amagwebu (njengempushana ye-aluminium), amanzi |
| Izici Zomkhiqizo Eziqediwe | Kuminyene, ukuzithwala okukhulu, amandla aphezulu | Amandla angenalutho noma aqinile, aphakathi nendawo ukuya phezulu | I-Porous ne-lightweight, i-low density (cishe 300-800kg/m³), ukufakwa kahle kwe-thermal kanye nokufaka umsindo |
| Imininingwane Ejwayelekile | Isitini esijwayelekile: 240×115×53mm (siqinile) | Okujwayelekile: 390×190×190mm (iningi elingenalutho) | Okuvamile: 600×200×200mm (okungenalutho, isakhiwo esinezimbotshana) |
II.Umehluko Ezinqubweni Zokukhiqiza
1.Sintered Bricks
●Inqubo:
Ukuhlola impahla eluhlaza → Ukuchotshozwa kwempahla eluhlaza → Ukuxuba nokunyakazisa →坯体成型 → Ukomisa → Ukushisa okunokushisa okuphezulu (800-1050℃) → Ukupholisa.
●Inqubo Eyinhloko:
Ngokudubula, izinguquko zomzimba kanye namakhemikhali (ukuncibilika, i-crystallization) kwenzeka obumba ukuze kwakhiwe isakhiwo esinamandla aphezulu.
●Izici:
Izinsiza zobumba ziningi. Ukusetshenziswa kwemfucuza efana ne-slag yezimayini zamalahle kanye nezinsika zensimbi kunganciphisa ukunukubezeka. Ingathuthukiswa ukuze kukhiqizwe ngobuningi. Izitini eziqediwe zinamandla amakhulu, ukuzinza okuhle nokuqina.
2.Izitini Zesimende (Amabhulokhi Kakhonkolo)
●Inqubo:
Usimende + Inhlanganisela yesanti namatshe + Ukuxutshwa nokunyakaziswa kwamanzi → Ukubunjwa ngokudlidliza / ngokucindezela esikhunjeni → Ukwelapha ngokwemvelo noma ukuphulukiswa kwesitimu (izinsuku ezingu-7-28).
●Inqubo Eyinhloko:
Ngokusabela kwe-hydration kasimende, amabhlogo aqinile (athwele umthwalo) noma amabhulokhi angenalutho (angathwali umthwalo) angakhiqizwa. Amanye ama-lightweight aggregates (afana ne-slag, i-ceramsite) ayengezwa ukunciphisa isisindo sakho.
●Izici:
Inqubo ilula futhi umjikelezo mfushane. Ingakhiqizwa ngezinga elikhulu, futhi amandla angashintshwa (alawulwa isilinganiso sengxube). Kodwa-ke, isisindo somuntu siqu sikhulu kuneso sezitini zegwebu. Izindleko zezitini eziqediwe ziphezulu futhi okukhiphayo kunqunyelwe, okulungele ukukhiqizwa okuncane.
3.Izitini Zegwebu (Amabhulokhi Kakhonkolo Anegwebu)
●Inqubo:
Izinto ezisetshenziswayo (usimende, umlotha womlotha, isihlabathi) + I-ejenti eyenza amagwebu (i-hydrogen ikhiqizwa lapho impushana ye-aluminium isabela emanzini ibe igwebu) kuxutshwa → Ukuthela nokukhipha amagwebu → Ukusetha okumile nokwelapha → Ukusika nokwenza → Ukwelapha nge-autoclave (180-200℃, amahora angu-8-12).
●Inqubo Eyinhloko:
I-ejenti ekhipha amagwebu isetshenziselwa ukwakha izimbotshana ezifanayo, futhi isakhiwo sekristalu esinezimbotshana (njenge-tobermorite) sikhiqizwa nge-autoclave curing, engasindi futhi enezici zokushisa ezishisayo.
●Izici:
Izinga le-automation liphezulu futhi liwonga amandla (ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwe-autoclave yokwelapha kuphansi kunaleyo ye-sintering), kodwa izidingo zesilinganiso sezinto ezingavuthiwe nokulawula okuphuma amagwebu ziphezulu. Amandla okucindezela aphansi futhi awamelani nokubanda. Ingasetshenziswa kuphela ezakhiweni zesakhiwo sefreyimu kanye nezindonga zokugcwalisa.
III.Umehluko Wezicelo Kumiklamo Yokwakha
1.Sintered Bricks
●Izimo Ezisebenzayo:
Izindonga ezithwele imithwalo yezakhiwo ezisezingeni eliphansi (njengezakhiwo zokuhlala ezingaphansi kwezitezi eziyisithupha), izindonga ezivaliwe, izakhiwo ezinesitayela se-retro (esebenzisa ukubukeka kwezitini ezibomvu).
Izingxenye ezidinga ukuqina okuphezulu (njengezisekelo, ukugandaywa komhlaba ngaphandle).
●Izinzuzo:
Amandla aphezulu (MU10-MU30), ukumelana nesimo sezulu esihle nokumelana nesithwathwa, impilo ende yesevisi.
Inqubo yendabuko ivuthiwe futhi inokuvumelana nezimo okuqinile (ukunamathela okuhle ngodaka).
●Ububi:
Isebenzisa izinsiza zobumba futhi inqubo yokudubula ibangela izinga elithile lokungcoliswa (namuhla, izitini ze-fly ash / shale sintered zikhuthazwa kakhulu ukuthi zithathe indawo yezitini zobumba).
Isisindo somzimba esikhulu (cishe 1800kg/m³), sikhulisa umthwalo wesakhiwo.
2.Izitini Zesimende
●Izimo Ezisebenzayo:
Amabhulokhi athwala imithwalo (aqinile / anezimbotshana): Ukugcwalisa izindonga zezakhiwo zefreyimu, izindonga ezithwala imithwalo yezakhiwo eziphansi (ibanga lamandla MU5-MU20).
Amabhulokhi angenalutho angathwele: Izindonga ezihlukanisayo zangaphakathi zezakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu (ukunciphisa isisindo sakho).
●Izinzuzo:
Ukukhishwa komshini owodwa kuphansi futhi izindleko ziphakeme kancane.
Amandla angashintshwa, izinto zokusetshenziswa zitholakala kalula, futhi ukukhiqizwa kulula (ibhulokhi likhulu, nokusebenza kahle kwamatshe kuphezulu).
Ukuqina okuhle, kungasetshenziswa ezindaweni ezimanzi (njengezindlu zangasese, izindonga zesisekelo).
●Ububi:
Isisindo somuntu siqu esikhulu (cishe u-1800kg/m³ kumabhulokhi aqinile, cishe u-1200kg/m³ kumabhulokhi angenalutho), ukusebenza okujwayelekile kokufakwa kwe-thermal (ukujiya noma ukungeza isendlalelo esingeziwe sokushisa okushisayo kuyadingeka).
Ukumuncwa kwamanzi aphezulu, kuyadingeka ukuchelela futhi ukumanzise ngaphambi kokwakhiwa kwamatshe ukuze ugweme ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi odongeni.
3.Izitini Zegwebu (Amabhulokhi Kakhonkolo Anegwebu)
●Izimo Ezisebenzayo:
Izindonga ezingathwali imithwalo: Izindonga zokuhlukanisa zangaphakathi nezangaphandle zezakhiwo eziphakeme (njengokugcwalisa izindonga zezakhiwo zefreyimu), izakhiwo ezinezidingo eziphezulu zokonga amandla (ukushisa okushisayo kuyadingeka).
Ayilungele: Izisekelo, izindawo ezimanzi (njengezindlu zangasese, amagumbi angaphansi), izakhiwo ezithwala imithwalo.
●Izinzuzo:
I-Lightweight (ubuningi buyi-1/4 kuya ku-1/3 kuphela yezitini ze-sintered), kunciphisa kakhulu umthwalo wesakhiwo nokulondoloza inani lekhonkrithi eliqinisiwe.
Ukufakwa kahle kwe-thermal nokufakwa komsindo (i-thermal conductivity ingu-0.1-0.2W/(m・K), okungu-1/5 waleyo yezitini ezishisiwe), ehlangabezana nezindinganiso zokonga amandla.
Ukwakhiwa okulungile: Ibhulokhi likhulu (usayizi ojwayelekile), lingasaha futhi lihlelwe, ukucaba kodonga kuphakeme, futhi ungqimba lokukhonkolo luyancipha.
●Ububi:
Amandla aphansi (amandla okucindezela ngokuvamile angu-A3.5-A5.0, afaneleka kuphela izingxenye ezingathwali umthwalo), indawo engaphezulu kulula ukonakala, futhi ukungqubuzana kufanele kugwenywe.
Ukumuncwa kwamanzi okunamandla (izinga lokumunca amanzi lingama-20% -30%), ukwelashwa kwesixhumi esibonakalayo kuyadingeka; kulula ukuthambisa endaweni emanzi, futhi ungqimba oluvikela umswakama luyadingeka.
Ukunamathela okubuthakathaka ngodaka olujwayelekile, okunamathelayo okukhethekile noma i-ejenti yesixhumi esibonakalayo kuyadingeka.
IV.Ungakhetha kanjani? Izikhombo Eziyinhloko
●Izidingo zokuthwala umthwalo:
Izindonga ezithwala imithwalo: Beka kuqala izitini eziboshiwe (ezakhiweni ezincane eziphakeme kakhulu) noma amabhulokhi usimende aqine kakhulu (MU10 nangaphezulu).
Izindonga ezingawuthwali umthwalo: Khetha izitini zegwebu (ukunikeza kuqala ukonga amandla) noma amabhulokhi usimende angenalutho (ubeke kuqala izindleko).
●I-Thermal Insulation and Energy Conservation:
Ezifundeni ezibandayo noma izakhiwo ezonga amandla: Izitini zegwebu (ezinokufakwa kwe-thermal eyakhelwe ngaphakathi), asikho isendlalelo esingeziwe sokufakwa kwe-thermal esidingekayo; ezindaweni ezishisayo zasehlobo nasebusika ezibandayo, ukukhethwa kungahlanganiswa nesimo sezulu.
●Izimo Zemvelo:
Ezindaweni ezimanzi (njengamakamelo angaphansi, amakhishi kanye nezindlu zangasese): Izitini ezisikiwe kuphela namabhulokhi usimende (kudingeka ukugezwa okungenwa amanzi) kungasetshenziswa, nezitini eziyigwebu (ezokonakala ngenxa yokumuncwa kwamanzi) kufanele zigwenywe.
Ezingxenyeni ezingaphandle: Beka kuqala izitini eziboshiwe (ukumelana nesimo sezulu esiqinile) noma amabhulokhi usimende anokwelashwa kwendawo.
Isifinyezo
●Izitini ze-Sintered:Izitini zendabuko ezinamandla aphezulu, ezifanele izakhiwo eziphansi ezithwala imithwalo kanye ne-retro, ezinokuzinza okuhle nokuqina.
●Izitini zebhulokhi likasimende:Ukutshalwa kwezimali okuncane, izitayela ezihlukahlukene zomkhiqizo, ezifanele izindonga ezihlukahlukene ezithwala imithwalo / ezingathwali. Ngenxa yentengo ephakeme kasimende, izindleko ziphakeme kancane.
●Izitini zegwebu:Inketho yokuqala ye-lightweight neyonga amandla, ifanele izindonga zangaphakathi zokuhlukanisa izakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu kanye nezimo ezine-insulation ephezulu yokushisa.izidingo, kodwa kufanele kuqashelwe ukuvikela umswakama kanye nemikhawulo yamandla.
Ngokwezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi (ukuthwala umthwalo, ukonga amandla, indawo ezungezile, isabelomali), kufanele zisetshenziswe ngokufanelekile ngokuhlangana. Ukuze uthwale umthwalo, khetha izitini ze-sintered. Ukuze uthole izisekelo, khetha izitini ze-sintered. Ukuze uthole izindonga ezivalekile nezakhiwo zokuhlala, khetha izitini ze-sintered kanye nezitini ze-cement block. Ngezakhiwo zefreyimu, khetha izitini ze-foam ezingasindi zezindonga zokuhlukanisa kanye nezindonga zokugcwalisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-09-2025