misimboti, magadzirirwo, uye mashandiro ekutanga ematanho emoto akafukidzwa muchikamu chapfuura. Chidzidzo ichi chichatarisa nezvekushanda uye nzira dzekugadzirisa matambudziko ekushandisa machira ekupisa zvidhinha zvevhu. Choto chemarasha chichashandiswa semuenzaniso.
I. Misiyano
Zvidhinha zvevhu zvinogadzirwa kubva muvhu rine yakaderera mineral content, high plasticity, uye adhesive properties. Mvura yakaoma kubvisa kubva muchinhu ichi, zvichiita kuti zvidhinha zvivhare zvakaoma kuoma kana zvichienzaniswa nezvidhinha zve shale. Vanewo simba rakaderera. Naizvozvo, hovhoni dzinoshandiswa kupisa zvidhinha zvevhu dzakati siyanei. Kureba kwakadzika kwakadzikira zvishoma, uye preheating zone yakareba zvishoma (inenge 30-40% yehurefu hwakazara). Sezvo hunyoro hwezvidhinha zvakanyorova blanks hunenge 13-20%, zviri nani kushandisa mugero wemugero une zvikamu zvakasiyana zvekuomeswa uye sintering.
II. Kugadzirira Kwekuita Kupfura:
Zvidhinha zvedongo zvakavharwa zvine simba rakaderera uye hunyoro hwepamusoro zvishoma, zvichiita kuti zviome kuoma. Nokudaro, kunyanya kukoshesa kunofanira kubhadharwa panguva yekuisa. Sekutaura kuchienda, "Zvikamu zvitatu zvinopfura, zvikamu zvinomwe zvakaturikidzana." Paunenge uchiisa, tanga wagadzira chirongwa chekugadzirisa uye kuronga zvidhinha zvinonzwisisika; vaise mugridhi pateni ine denser edges uye sparser nzvimbo. Kana zvidhinha zvisina kurongedzerwa zvakanaka, zvinogona kukonzera kudonha kwemwando, kudonha kwemurwi, uye kusafamba zvakanaka kwemhepo, zvichiita kuti kupisa kuome zvakanyanya uye kukonzeresa mamiriro asina kujairika senge moto wepamberi usingaparadzike, moto weshure usingachengetedze, moto wepamusoro uchikurumidza, moto wepasi uchinonoka (moto usingasviki pasi), uye moto wepakati uchimhanya zvakanyanya asi mativi ari kunonoka kufambira mberi (asingakwanisi kufambira mberi).
Tunnel Kiln Temperature Curve Pre-setting: Zvichienderana nemashandiro echikamu chega chega chemba, tanga waisa zero yekumanikidza. Iyo preheating zone iri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakashata, nepo nzvimbo yekupfura iri pasi pekumanikidzwa kwakanaka. Chekutanga, isa zero-pressure point tembiricha, wozofanoisa tembiricha yenzvimbo yega yega yemotokari, ronga tembiricha curve dhizaini, uye isa tembiricha sensors munzvimbo dzakaoma. Iyo preheating zone (inoda zvinzvimbo 0-12), nzvimbo yekupfura (nzvimbo 12-22), uye yakasara yekutonhodza zone zvese zvinogona kushanda zvinoenderana neyakafanosetwa tembiricha panguva yekuita.
III. Mapoinzi Akakosha eKupfura Mashandiro
Ignition Sequence: Kutanga, tanga iyo huru blower (gadzirisa mafambiro emhepo kusvika 30-50%). Batidza huni nemarasha pachoto chemota, uchidzora tembiricha yekukwira kusvika pa1°C paminiti, uye zvishoma nezvishoma uchiwedzera tembiricha kusvika 200°C. Kana tembiricha yehuni yadarika 200 ° C, wedzera zvishoma kuyerera kwemhepo kuti ukurumidze kukwira kwekushisa uye kusvika kune yakajairika kupisa tembiricha.
Kupfura Mashandiro: Nyatsotarisisa tembiricha munzvimbo dzese zvinoenderana ne tembiricha curve. Iko kupfura kwezvidhinha zvevhu ndeye 3-5 metres paawa, uye kune shale zvidhinha, 4-6 metres paawa. Yakasiyana mbichana, nzira dzekuturika, uye mafuta musanganiswa zviyero zvese zvinokanganisa kumhanya kwekupfura. Zvinoenderana neyakaiswa kutenderera kutenderera (semuenzaniso, maminetsi makumi mashanu neshanu pamota), fambisa mota yemoto zvakafanana, uye ita nekukurumidza paunenge uchiisa mota kuti uderedze honi yekuvhura gonhi nguva. Chengetedza kugadzikana kwehuni yekumanikidza zvakanyanya sezvinobvira. (Preheating zone: negative pressure -10 kusvika -50 Pa; firing zone: zvishoma positive pressure 10-20 Pa). Kune yakajairika kudzvanywa kugadziridzwa, nemhepo damper yakanyatsogadziriswa, ingo gadzirisa iyo fan yekumhanyisa kuti udzore kumanikidza kwemoto.
Kudzora tembiricha: Zvishoma nezvishoma wedzera tembiricha munzvimbo yepreheating neanenge 50-80 ° C pamamita kudzivirira kupisa nekukurumidza uye kuputika kwezvidhinha. Munzvimbo yekupfura, teerera kunguva yekupfura mushure mekusvika kune yakatarwa tembiricha kuti udzivise kupfura kusina kukwana mukati mezvidhinha. Kana kushanduka kwekushisa kukaitika uye iyo yakakwirira-yekushisa inogara-yekupisa nguva haina kukwana, marasha anogona kuwedzerwa kuburikidza nechoto chepamusoro. Dzora kusiyana kwetembiricha mukati me10°C. Munzvimbo yekutonhodza, gadzirisa kumhanya kwe fan ye fan yekutonhora kudzora mhepo yemhepo uye kubuda kwemhepo zvichienderana nekupisa kwezvidhinha zvakapedzwa zvichibuda muchoto, kudzivirira kukurumidza kutonhora kubva pakukonzera kupisa kwepamusoro-kupisa zvidhinha zvakapedzwa.
Kiln exit inspection: Ongorora kutaridzika kwezvidhinha zvapera zvichibuda muchoto. Vanofanira kuva neruvara rwakafanana. Zvidhinha zvisina kupiswa (tembiricha yakaderera kana nguva isina kukwana yekupfura pakupisa kwakanyanya, zvichikonzera ruvara rwakajeka) inogona kudzoserwa muchoto kuti ipfure zvakare. Zvidhinha zvakanyanyisa (kupisa kwepamusoro kunokonzera kunyunguduka uye deformation) zvinofanira kubviswa uye kuraswa. Zvidhinha zvakapedzwa zvine ruvara rwakafanana uye zvinoburitsa ruzha rwakatsetseka kana zvabatwa, uye zvinogona kutumirwa kunzvimbo yekuburutswa kunorongedza uye kutakura.
IV. Yakajairika Mhosho uye Matambudziko Nzira dzeTunnel Kiln Operations
Kupisa tembiricha yenzvimbo inotadza kukwira: Zvidhinha zvinopisa zvemukati hazvina kusanganiswa zvinoenderana nekubuda kwavo kupisa, uye mafuta ane low low calorific value. Mhinduro yekusakwana kusanganisa: Gadzirisa chiyero chekubatanidza kuti chipfuure chinodiwa zvishoma. Kuvharika kwebhokisi remoto (kuvakwa kwedota, miviri yezvidhinha yakadonha) inokonzeresa kushomeka kweokisijeni, zvichikonzera kukwira kusina kukwana kwekushisa. Nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko: Chenesa chiteshi chemoto, bvisa furu, uye bvisa zvidhinha zvegirinhi zvakadonha.
Kiln mota inomira panguva yekushanda: Tevera deformation (yakakonzerwa nekuwedzera kwekupisa uye kuderera). Nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko: Edza chiyero chetrack uye nzvimbo (kushivirira ≤ 2 mm), uye gadzirisa kana kutsiva track. Kiln mota mavhiri kukiya: Nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko: Mushure mekuburutsa zvidhinha zvapera nguva yega yega, ongorora mavhiri uye shandisa mafuta ekuzora asingachinji kutonhora. Efflorescence pamusoro pezvidhinha zvakapedzwa (chando chichena): "Sarufa yakawandisa mumutumbi wezvidhinha inoita kuti pave nemakristasi esulfate. Nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko: Rongedza reshiyo yeraw material uye shandisa yakaderera-sarufa yemafuta. Sarufa yakawandisa mumarasha. Kuwedzeredza vhoriyamu yemagetsi painopopotera tembiricha: Kuwedzeredza tembiricha yepresautsi: Kuwedzera tembiricha yemagetsi: Kuwedzera tembiricha yepresautu inosvika 600°C kuti ibudise mhute yesarufa yakasunungurwa.”
V. Kuchengetedza uye Kuongorora
Kuongorora Kwezuva Nezuva: Tarisai kana gonhi rechoto rinovhurika uye rinovhara zvakajairika, kana kuiswa chisimbiso kuchisangana nezvinodiwa, uye kana mota yemoto yakakuvadzwa mushure mekuburutsa zvidhinha. Ongorora mavhiri emota dzemoto kuti uone kuti anoshanda zvakaringana, shandisa mafuta ekuzora anopisa zvakanyanya pavhiri rega rega, uye tarisa kana mitsara yekutarisa tembiricha yakakuvadzwa, makubatanidza akachengeteka, uye mabasa akajairwa.
Kugadziriswa Kwevhiki Nevhiki: Wedzera mafuta ekuzora kune fan, tarisa kana bhandi rakakodzera, uye ona kuti mabhaudhi ese akasungwa zvakachengeteka. Wedzera mafuta ekuzora kumota yekufambisa uye muchina wemota wepamusoro. Ongorora zvikamu zvese zvekushanda zvakajairika. Kuongorora kweTrack: Nekuda kwekusiyana kwakakura kwekushisa muchoto, kuwedzera kwemafuta uye kuputika kunogona kukonzera kusunungura track. Tarisa kana misoro yetrack uye magapu pakati pemota dzekufambisa zvakajairika.
Kuongorora kwemwedzi wega wega: Ongorora muviri wechoto kuti hauna kutsemuka here, tarisa mamiriro ezvidhinha zvinorasa uye madziro emoto, uye gadzirisa michina yekuona tembiricha (kukanganisa <5°C).
Kugadziriswa kwekota: Bvisa marara kubva muchoto, chenesa flue uye mhepo ducts, ongorora mamiriro ekuvharirwa kwemajoini ekuwedzera munzvimbo dzese, tarisa denga remoto uye muchoto muviri kune hurema, uye ongorora midziyo yekutenderera uye tembiricha yekudzora system, nezvimwe.
VI. Kuchengetedzwa Kwenzvimbo uye Kuchengetedzwa
Tunnel kilns mavira einjiniya ekupisa, uye kunyanya kune marasha-anobatidza mugero, kurapwa gasi reflue kunofanirwa kuve neyakanyorova yemagetsi emagetsi precipitator ye desulfurization uye denitrification kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti gasi rakaburitswa rinosangana nemaitiro ekuburitsa.
Kushandiswa kwetsvina yekupisa: Mhepo inopisa kubva kunzvimbo yekutonhodza inofambiswa nemapombi munzvimbo yekupisa kana chikamu chekuomesa kuti uome zvidhinha zvakanyorova. Kurasa kupisa kushandiswa kunogona kuderedza kushandiswa kwesimba ne20%.
Kuchengetedzwa Kugadzirwa: Gasi-anopfutirwa tunnel kilns anofanirwa kuve akashongedzerwa negasi madetector kudzivirira kuputika. Makoni anobatidzwa nemarasha anofanirwa kunge akaiswa ma detectors ecarbon monoxide, kunyanya panguva yekubatidza moto kudzivirira kuputika uye chepfu. Kutevedzera maitiro ekushanda kwakakosha kuti uve nechokwadi chekugadzirwa kwakachengeteka.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-16-2025