Kuenzanisa kweClay Sintered Bricks, Cement Block Bricks uye Foam Bricks

Inotevera ipfupiso yemusiyano, maitiro ekugadzira, mamiriro ekushandisa, zvakanakira uye zvakaipira zvidhinha zvakasimirwa, simende block zvidhinha (concrete block) uye zvidhinha zvefuro (kazhinji zvichireva aerated kongiri zvidhinha kana foam kongiri zvidhinha), zviri nyore kusarudzwa zvine musoro muzvirongwa zvekuvaka:
I. Core Kusiyana Kuenzanisa

II.Misiyano muMaitirwo Ekugadzira

1.Sintered Bricks
●Maitiro:
Kuongorora zvinhu zvakasvibirira → Kupwanya zvinhu zvakasvibirira → Kusanganisa nekukunga →坯体成型 → Kuomesa → Kunyungudika kwekushisa kwepamusoro (800-1050℃) → Kutonhodza.
●Key process:
Kuburikidza nekupfurwa, kuchinja kwemuviri uye kwemakemikari (kunyunguduka, crystallization) kunoitika muvhu kuumba chimiro chakasimba chepamusoro.
●Hunhu:
Zviwanikwa zvevhu zvakawanda. Kushandiswa kwemarara akadai semarasha emugodhi wemarasha uye simbi dzekupfeka zvinogona kuderedza kusvibiswa. Inogona kugadzirwa mumaindasitiri ekugadzirwa kwehuwandu. Zvidhinha zvakapedzwa zvine simba guru, kugadzikana kwakanaka uye kusimba.

2.Simende Block Bricks (Concrete Blocks)
●Maitiro:
Simende + jecha nematombo akaunganidzwa + Mvura inosanganiswa uye inobvongodza → Kuumbwa nekuzunguza / kudzvanya muforoma → Kurapa kwechisikigo kana kurapa kwehutsi (mazuva 7-28).
●Key process:
Kuburikidza nekuita kwe hydration ye simenti, zvidhinha zvakasimba (kutakura-kutakura) kana maburi maburi (asina-kutakura-kutakura) anogona kugadzirwa. Mamwe akareruka aggregates (akadai se slag, ceramsite) anowedzerwa kudzikisa huremu hwega.
●Hunhu:
Iyo nzira iri nyore uye kutenderera ipfupi. Inogona kubudiswa pamwero mukuru, uye simba rinogona kugadziriswa (kudzorwa nehuwandu hwehuwandu). Zvisinei, kuzviremera kwakakura kudarika kwezvidhinha zvefuro. Mutengo wezvidhinha zvakapedzwa zvakakwirira uye zvakabuda zvishoma, izvo zvakakodzera kugadzirwa kwediki.

3.Zvidhinha zveFoam (Aerated / Foam Concrete Blocks)
●Maitiro:
Raw zvinhu (simende, madota enhunzi, jecha) + Foaming agent (hydrogen inogadzirwa kana aruminiyamu poda ikasangana nemvura kuita furo) kusanganisa → Kudira uye kupupa furo → Kumisa kwakamira uye kurapa → Kucheka nekugadzira → Autoclave kurapa (180-200℃, 8-12 maawa).
●Key process:
Iyo inoputira furo inoshandiswa kugadzira yunifomu pores, uye porous crystal chimiro (senge tobermorite) inogadzirwa kuburikidza ne autoclave kurapa, iyo isingaremi uye ine yekupisa yekudzivirira zvinhu.
●Hunhu:
Iyo dhigirii ye otomatiki yakakwira uye inochengetedza simba (iyo simba rekushandisa re autoclave kurapa rakaderera pane iro rekuita sintering), asi izvo zvinodikanwa zveiyo mbishi reshiyo uye furo kutonga zvakakwirira. Simba rekumanikidzira rakaderera uye harimirire kutonhora. Inogona kushandiswa chete mumapuranga ekugadzirisa zvivakwa uye kuzadza madziro.

III.Misiyano Yekushandisa muMapurojekiti Ekuvaka
1.Sintered Bricks
●Inoshanda Scenarios:
Mitoro inotakura masvingo ezvivakwa zvakaderera (zvakadai sezvivako zvekugara pasi pematanho matanhatu), masvingo akavharidzirwa, zvivako zvine retro style (uchishandisa kuonekwa kwezvidhinha zvitsvuku).
Zvikamu zvinoda kusimba kwepamusoro (senge nheyo, kunze kwepasi paving).
●Zvakanakira:
Simba repamusoro (MU10-MU30), kumira zvakanaka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kusagadzikana kwechando, hupenyu hurefu hwebasa.
Maitiro echinyakare akakura uye ane simba rekuchinja (kunamira kwakanaka nedhaka).
●Zvakaipa:
Inoshandisa zviwanikwa zvevhu uye nzira yekupisa inokonzera imwe dhigirii yekusvibiswa (mazuva ano, nhunzi madota / shale sintered zvidhinha zvinonyanya kusimudzirwa kutsiva zvidhinha zvevhu).
Huremu huremu (anenge 1800kg/m³), ichiwedzera kurongeka kwemutoro.
2.Simende Block Zvidhinha
●Inoshanda Scenarios:
Zvivharo zvinotakura zvinhu (zvakasimba / zvinoputika): Kuzadza masvingo ezvigadziro zvemapuranga, masvingo anotakura masvingo ezvivakwa zvakaderera (giredhi resimba MU5-MU20).
Non-load-bearing hollow blocks: Interior partition masvingo ezvivakwa zvepamusoro-soro (kuderedza uremu).
●Zvakanakira:
Iyo imwe-muchina inobuda yakaderera uye mutengo wakakwira zvishoma.
Simba rinogona kugadziridzwa, zvigadzirwa zviri nyore kuwanikwa, uye kugadzirwa kuri nyore (iyo block yakakura, uye masonry kunyatsoita kwakakwira).
Kugara kwakanaka, kunogona kushandiswa munzvimbo dzakanyorova (sezvimbuzi, madziro enheyo).
●Zvakaipa:
Huremu huremu hwega (huremu hunosvika 1800kg/m³ dzemabhuroko akasimba, angangoita 1200kg/m³ pamabhuroko asina maburi), kuita kwemafuta ekuvharisa (kukobvura kana kuwedzera imwe tembiricha yekupisa inodiwa).
Kunyura kwemvura yakakwira, inofanirwa kudiridza uye kuinyorovesa pamberi pemasoni kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwemvura mudhaka.
3.Zvidhinha zveFoam (Aerated / Foam Concrete Blocks)
●Inoshanda Scenarios:
Madziro asina-mutoro: Mukati uye kunze kwekuparadzanisa masvingo ezvivakwa zvepamusoro-soro (zvakadai sekuzadza masvingo emapuranga emapuranga), zvivako zvine simba guru rekuchengetedza simba (thermal insulation inodiwa).
Haina kukodzera: Nheyo, nharaunda dzakanyorova (sezvimbuzi, dzimba dzepasi), zvivakwa zvinotakura zvinhu.
●Zvakanakira:
Huremu huremu (iyo density inongova 1/4 kusvika 1/3 yezvidhinha zvakanyungudutswa), ichideredza zvakanyanya mutoro wekugadzirisa uye kuchengetedza huwandu hwekongiri yakasimbiswa.
Yakanaka kupisa kwemafuta uye kuvharisa inzwi (iyo thermal conductivity i 0.1-0.2W/(m ・ K), inova 1/5 yezvidhinha zvakanyungudutswa), zvichisangana nemaitiro ekuchengetedza simba.
Kuvaka kwakaringana: Chivharo chakakura (saizi ndeyenguva dzose), inogona kuchekwa uye kurongwa, kupfava kwemadziro kwakakwira, uye purasita yakaderedzwa.
●Zvakaipa:
Simba rakaderera (simba rinodzvinyirira rinonyanya A3.5-A5.0, rinongofanirwa chete nezvikamu zvisingatakuri zvinotakura), nzvimbo yacho iri nyore kukuvara, uye kudhumhana kunofanira kudziviswa.
Kunyura kwemvura kwakasimba (kunyura kwemvura kuri 20% -30%), kurapwa kweinterface kunodiwa; zviri nyore kupfava munzvimbo ine mvura, uye hunyoro-hupupuriro hunyoro hunodiwa.
Kusasimba kunamatira neakajairwa dhaka, yakakosha adhesive kana interface mumiriri inodiwa.
IV.Ungasarudza sei? Core Reference Factors
●Zvinodiwa pakutakura mutoro:
Madziro anotakura mitoro: Ipa nzvimbo yekutanga kune zvidhinha zvakasimwa (kuzvivakwa zvidiki zvepamusoro-soro) kana mabhuroko esimende akasimba (MU10 zvichikwira).
Madziro asingatakuri-mutoro: Sarudza zvidhinha zvefuro (zvichipa pamberi pekuchengetedza simba) kana mabhuroko esimende asina maburi (uchipa kukosha kumutengo).
●Thermal Insulation uye Kuchengetedza Simba:
Munzvimbo dzinotonhora kana zvivakwa zvinochengetedza simba: Foam zvidhinha (ine yakavakirwa-mukati thermal insulation), hapana yekuwedzera thermal insulation layer inodiwa; munzvimbo dzinopisa dzezhizha uye dzinotonhora dzechando, kusarudzwa kunogona kusanganiswa nemamiriro ekunze.
●Environmental Conditions:
Munzvimbo dzine mvura (sedzimba dzepasi, makicheni nezvimbudzi): Zvidhinha zvakasiiwa chete nemabhuroko esimende (zvinoda kucheneswa nemvura) zvinogona kushandiswa, uye zvidhinha zvefuro (zvinoita kukuvara nekuda kwekunyumwa kwemvura) zvinofanira kudzivirirwa.
Kunzvimbo dziri kunze: Isai pamberi pezvidhinha zvakanyungudutswa (zvakasimba mamiriro ekunze) kana masimende anogadziriswa pamusoro.

Summary

●Zvidhinha zvakakanyiwa:Traditional high-simba zvidhinha, zvakakodzera kudzika-kukwira-kusimudza-kusimudza uye retro zvivako, nekugadzikana kwakanaka uye kusimba.

●Simende block zvidhinha:Kudyara diki, akasiyana zvigadzirwa masitaera, akakodzera akasiyana-siyana anoremerwa / asina-mutoro madziro. Nekuda kwemutengo wesamende wakakwira, mutengo wakakwira zvishoma.

●Zvidhinha zvefuro:Sarudzo yekutanga yekureruka uye kuchengetedza simba, inokodzera mukati mechikamu madziro ezvivakwa zvepamusoro-soro uye mamiriro ane yakakwirira yekupisa yekupisa.zvinodiwa, asi kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune hunyoro-proofing uye masimba masimba.

Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo zvepurojekiti (kutakura-kutakura, kuchengetedza simba, zvakatipoteredza, bhajeti), dzinofanirwa kushandiswa zvine musoro pamwe chete. Nokuda kwekutakura, sarudza zvidhinha zvakasvibiswa. Kune nheyo, sarudza zvidhinha zvakasvibiswa. Pamadziro akavharirwa uye zvivakwa zvekugara, sarudza zvidhinha zvakakanyiwa uye simende block zvidhinha. Kune zvimiro zvefuremu, sarudza lightweight furo zvidhinha zvekuparadzanisa madziro uye kuzadza madziro.