Ibumba ryamatafari yamatafari amateka yiterambere no guhanga tekinike

Intangiriro

Amatafari y'ibumba, azwi nk'amateka y'iterambere ry'umuntu mu byondo n'umuriro yazimye muri kristu nziza, ariko kandi uruzi rurerure rw'umuco w'ubwubatsi muri “fosile nzima”. Mu bintu by'ibanze bikenerwa kugira ngo abantu babeho - ibiryo, imyambaro, amazu, hamwe n’ubwikorezi, ihindagurika ry’imibereho ituye, naryo ryerekana cyane akamaro k’amatafari n'amatafari.

Iterambere ryimashini zibumba amatafari

Ikoranabuhanga rya kera ryo kubumba amatafari

“Amatafari ya mbere y'Ubushinwa” yacukuwe i Lantiyani, muri Xi'an, amara imyaka irenga 5.000 kandi ahamya ubwenge bw'abasekuruza b'Abashinwa. Imyaka ibihumbi bibiri irashize, mugihe cyamatafari ya Qin na Han tile, uruganda rukora amatafari rwari rumaze gutangira: Ingoma ya Qin yafashe iyambere mugukingura umusaruro usanzwe wamatafari yibumba, ishyiraho urufatiro rwibikorwa bisobanurwa n "" uburebure bwa metero imwe, igice cya metero z'ubugari na santimetero eshatu z'ubugari ", hiyongeraho uburyo bwa mbere bwo kubumba ibiti no kuvanga amatafari hamwe no kuvanga amatafari hamwe no kuvanga amatafari hamwe no kuvanga amatafari hamwe no kuvanga amatafari hamwe no kuvanga amatafari hamwe no kuvanga amatafari hamwe no gutondagura amatafari hamwe no gukora amatafari hamwe no kuvanga amatafari hamwe no gukora amatafari yo kubumba amatafari n'amatafari. iminsi. Mu ngoma ya Tang, Indirimbo, Ming, na Qing, hashyizweho uburyo bwo kuvanga amazi, ibikoresho bivangwa n’amazi, byagaragaje ko inzira yo kubumba amatafari yavuye mu bakozi ikajya mu cyiciro gishya cyahawe imbaraga n’ingufu kamere, bigashyiraho urufatiro rw’inganda zikurikira.

Imashini ikora amatafari ikoranabuhanga

Ivumburwa rya moteri ya parike yatumye habaho inganda, ariko binagira ingaruka ku iterambere ry’inganda zikora amatafari, zihindura uko ibintu byari byifashe mu myaka ibihumbi ishize byashize bikozwe mu mbaho ​​zikozwe mu biti, mu 1850, Ubwongereza bwafashe iya mbere mu gukoresha imashini itwara amatafari akoreshwa n'amatafari. Imashini aho gukoresha intoki, ubushobozi bwiyongereyeho inshuro nyinshi, hanyuma bukwirakwira vuba mu Burayi, kandi buteza imbere ivugurura ry’itanura rya Hoffman, mu 1873, Umudage Schlichtson yateguye icyuma cyo hasi cya silo cyumuvuduko w’ibumba, 1910 moteri y’amashanyarazi iherutse kuvumburwa aho kuba moteri ya moteri, ku buryo uruganda rukora amatafari rukora amashyanyarazi kugira ngo rukore amashyanyarazi.

Imashini zisanzwe zubakishijwe amatafari cyane cyane zinyuze mu kuzenguruka kw'ibikoresho fatizo byashyizwemo ingufu mu gusohora ibumba ry'urukiramende, hanyuma unyuze mu mashini yo gutema ibiti ukata mo amatafari kugira ngo wuzuze ibisabwa. Muri make, imashini isanzwe yamatafari niyigabanya hiyongereyeho umugozi uzunguruka muri silinderi yicyondo kumahame shingiro.

Ivuka no kumenyekanisha imashini ikora amatafari ya vacuum

Isosiyete yo mu Budage Linge mu 1930 ku nshuro ya mbere pompe ya vacuum yimashini zamatafari, kwinjiza imashini ya vacuum imashini ikora amatafari. Ihame ryakazi nuko mbere yuko screw itangira

gusohora ibikoresho bibisi, pompe vacuum isohora umwuka mubikoresho fatizo, igabanya umuvuduko mubi mumatafari y'ibanga ryamatafari, igabanya umwuka uri muri bilet, ikuraho ibyuka byumuyaga, kandi bikarushaho kongera imbaraga nimbaraga za fagitire.

Mu myaka ya za 1950, Ubushinwa bwatangije ikoranabuhanga ryo kubumba amatafari kuva mu cyahoze ari Leta Zunze Ubumwe z'Abasoviyeti, rifungura umwenda wo kubumba amatafari mu nganda. Mu 1978, hamwe n’umuvuduko wo kuvugurura no gufungura, Uburayi na Amerika byateye imbere mu buhanga bwo kubumba amatafari mu gihugu, maze haza kubaho imashini ya mbere ya vacuum bipolar extruder yo mu bwoko bwa matafari. Iri koranabuhanga ryafashe iyambere muri Henan, Shandong, Heilongjiang, nahandi hantu gushinga imizi, kandi ryihuse ryashizeho uburyo bunini bwo gukora.

Gutezimbere imashini ikora amatafari ya Vacuum

Imashini yo kubumba amatafari mu matafari y’amatafari mu Bushinwa yerekana imbaraga zidasanzwe zo guhanga udushya - ntizigaragaza gusa ishingiro ry’ikoranabuhanga mpuzamahanga, ahubwo inateza imbere iterambere ry’akarere hamwe n'ubwenge n'ubukorikori. Dufate nk'uruganda rukora amatafari ya Henan Wangda, ikirango cyacyo cya "Wangda" JKY55 / 55-4.0 no hejuru yacyo cyabonye ibintu byinshi byingenzi byagezweho mu ikoranabuhanga, bibaye urugero rwiza rwo kuzamura inganda.

1. Kugabanya sisitemu: ibikoresho bikomeye no gusiga amavuta ku gahato

kugabanya ifata ibikoresho bya sisitemu ikomeye hamwe nigikoresho gikomeye cyo gusiga. Ibyuma bikomye bitunganyirizwa muburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe, kandi ibikoresho bitunganijwe byongeye gutunganywa nyuma yo kumeneka, kuzimya, no mubisanzwe kugirango bikureho inenge no guhangayikishwa cyane. Ibikoresho byakorewe ubushyuhe ni ibikoresho bikomeye. Noneho ubukana ntibugabanuka icyarimwe, kunoza ubukana bwinyo y amenyo, no kongera imbaraga no kwambara birwanya, gusiga amavuta ku gahato binyuze muma pompe ya gare kugeza kumavuta yo gusiga binyuze mumiyoboro ya peteroli kugeza ibice byo gusiga, kugirango buri bikoresho bya bikoresho hamwe na buri kintu cyose kugirango ubone amavuta meza kugirango ugabanye kwambara no kurira ibice, byongere ubuzima bwa serivisi.

2

Spindle ifata ubwoko bwa shaft ihuza ubwoko, butuma ubwinshi bwibiti binini kandi birinda ihungabana ryumubiri wimashini. Uruziga shingiro rwemeza gufata, gukubitwa kabiri hamwe no gukoresha. Kwitwaza intebe hamwe na disiki ya asibesitosi hamwe no gufunga amavuta hamwe nindi miyoboro myinshi ifunga kugirango umenye agasanduku ka vacuum. Igiti nyamukuru muri silinderi yicyondo cyatejwe imbere hamwe na sock ireremba hejuru, uruziga rureremba rushobora kwisobanura Chongqing nyuma yuko ibikoresho bibisi byinjiye gusa. Inzira yo kureremba hejuru kugirango igiti nyamukuru kitigera kimeneka, kwikunda kugirango wirinde igiti kinini cyunamye giterwa no guhindagurika kwumubiri.

3. Umuzenguruko wingenzi: igishushanyo mbonera cyahinduwe hamwe nibikoresho bya chrome ndende

Iterambere ryibanze ryambere, mbere ya byose, mukibanza cyibishushanyo mbonera bihinduka, gukoresha ibiryo, hamwe nigitutu gikomeye. Kotsa igitutu, uburyo bukomeye bwo gusohora, kuburyo comptabilite yiyongereyeho 30%, imbaraga za fagitire itose kugeza kuri Mu4.0 cyangwa irenga, uburebure bwamatafari yamatafari yuburebure bwa metero zigera kuri cumi neshanu, imashini isanzwe yamatafari yatose ikariso irindwi. Ibikoresho bya spiral bikozwe muri chrome ndende, ubuzima bukubye inshuro 4-6 zicyuma gisanzwe cyicyuma cya karubone, bigatuma imyuka idashobora kwangirika, ikongera ubuzima bwa serivisi, kandi igabanya umubare wokubungabunga.