Ka hoohalike ana o na Pilikia Sintered Palolo, Pilikia Poka Sima a me na Pilikia Puka

ʻO kēia ka hōʻuluʻulu o nā ʻokoʻa, nā kaʻina hana hana, nā hiʻohiʻona noi, nā pōmaikaʻi a me nā pōʻino o nā pōhaku lepo sintered, nā pōhaku lepo sima (nā poloka paʻa) a me nā pōhaku lepo (e pili pinepine ana i nā poloka aerated a i ʻole nā ​​​​polokalamu pahu pahu), kahi kūpono no ke koho kūpono i nā papahana kūkulu.
I. Hoʻohālikelike ʻokoʻa kumu

II.Nā ʻokoʻa i nā kaʻina hana hana

1.Pilikia Sintered
●Kaʻina hana:
ʻO ka nānā ʻana i nā mea maka → Kaʻi ʻana i nā mea maka → Ka hui ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana → 坯体成型 → Hoʻomaloʻo → Kiʻekiʻe-mehana sintering (800-1050 ℃) → Hoʻoluʻu.
●Kaʻina hana kī:
Ma ke kī ʻana, hiki ke hoʻololi i ke kino a me ke kemika (he hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, crystallization) i loko o ka pālolo e hana i kahi ʻano paʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe.
●Nā hiʻohiʻona:
Nui nā waiwai pālolo. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻōpala e like me ka mine mine slag a me nā huelo ʻaʻahu ʻaʻahu hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pollution. Hiki ke hana ʻia no ka hana nui. ʻO nā pōhaku lepo i hoʻopauʻia he ikaika kiʻekiʻe, kūpaʻa maikaʻi a me ka lōʻihi.

2.ʻO nā pōhaku lepo sima
●Kaʻina hana:
Sima + Ke one a me ka ʻiliʻili aggregate + Ka hui ʻana a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana o ka wai → Molding by vibration / pressing in the mold → Natural curing or steam curing (7-28 mau lā).
●Kaʻina hana kī:
Ma o ka hopena hydration o ka sima, hiki ke hana ʻia nā poloka paʻa (kaumaha) a i ʻole nā ​​poloka hollow (non-load-bearing). Hoʻohui ʻia kekahi mau ʻāpana māmā (e like me ka slag, ceramsite) e hōʻemi i ke kaumaha ponoʻī.
●Nā hiʻohiʻona:
He maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana a he pōkole ka pōʻai. Hiki ke hana ʻia ma ke ʻano nui, a hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka ikaika (hoʻomalu ʻia e ka ratio hui). Eia naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kaumaha ma mua o nā pōhaku lepo. He kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai o nā pōhaku lepo i hoʻopau ʻia a ua kaupalena ʻia ka huahana, kūpono no ka hana liʻiliʻi.

3.ʻO nā pōhakuʻeleʻele (Paʻa Paʻa Paʻa / Aerated)
●Kaʻina hana:
ʻO nā mea maka (cement, lele lehu, one) + Foaming agent (hoʻokumu ʻia ka hydrogen i ka wā e hana ai ka pauka aluminika me ka wai i ka huʻa) hui ʻana → Ka ninini ʻana a me ka huʻihaʻi → Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka hoʻōla ʻana → Ke ʻoki a me ka hana ʻana → Autoclave curing (180-200 ℃, 8-12 hola).
●Kaʻina hana kī:
Hoʻohana ʻia ka mea ʻona e hana i nā pores like ʻole, a ua hana ʻia kahi ʻano aniani porous (e like me tobermorite) ma o ka autoclave curing, he māmā a loaʻa nā waiwai insulation thermal.
●Nā hiʻohiʻona:
He kiʻekiʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ka automation a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu (ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka autoclave curing ma mua o ka sintering), akā kiʻekiʻe nā koi no ka ratio raw material a me ka mana foaming. He haʻahaʻa ka ikaika compressive a ʻaʻole kū i ka hau. Hiki ke hoʻohana wale ʻia i nā hale kūkulu hale a me nā paia hoʻopiha.

III.Nā ʻokoʻa noi ma nā papahana kūkulu
1.Pilikia Sintered
●Nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono:
ʻO nā pā haʻahaʻa o nā hale haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (e like me nā hale noho ma lalo o nā papahele ʻeono), nā paia pā, nā hale me ke ʻano retro (e hoʻohana ana i ke ʻano o nā pōhaku ʻulaʻula).
ʻO nā ʻāpana e koi ana i ka lōʻihi kiʻekiʻe (e like me ke kumu, ka paving honua waho).
●Pono:
ʻO ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe (MU10-MU30), ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi a me ka pale hau, ke ola lōʻihi.
ʻO ke kaʻina hana kuʻuna he oʻo a loaʻa iā ia ka hiki ke hoʻololi (ka hoʻopili maikaʻi me ka mortar).
●Nā hemahema:
Hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā kumuwaiwai pālolo a ʻo ke kaʻina puhi ahi ke kumu o kekahi ʻano o ka haumia (i kēia mau lā, hoʻolaha nui ʻia nā lehu lele / shale sintered bricks e pani i nā pōhaku lepo).
Paona pono'ī nui (e pili ana i 1800kg/m³), hoʻonui i ka ukana hana.
2.Pilikia Poka Sima
●Nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono:
ʻO nā poloka hoʻopaʻa ukana (paʻa / porous): Hoʻopiha i nā paia o nā hale paʻa, nā paia halihali haʻahaʻa o nā hale haʻahaʻa (ikaika MU5-MU20).
ʻO nā poloka ʻāwaha ʻaʻohe ukana: ʻO nā paia ʻāpana o loko o nā hale kiʻekiʻe (e hoʻemi i ke kaumaha ponoʻī).
●Pono:
He haʻahaʻa ka puka o ka mīkini hoʻokahi a he kiʻekiʻe iki ke kumukūʻai.
Hiki ke hoʻololi i ka ikaika, hiki ke loaʻa nā mea maka, a maʻalahi ka hana ʻana (nui ka poloka, a kiʻekiʻe ka hana masonry).
ʻO ka lōʻihi maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā wahi pulu (e like me nā halepaku, nā paia kumu).
●Nā hemahema:
Kaumaha pono'ī nui (e pili ana i 1800kg/m³ no nā poloka paʻa, ma kahi o 1200kg/m³ no nā poloka hollow), ka hana hoʻokaʻawale wela maʻamau (pono ʻia ka mānoanoa a i ʻole ka hoʻohui ʻana i kahi papa insulation thermal hou aʻe).
Kiʻekiʻe ka wai absorption, pono e hoʻoinu a hoʻomaʻemaʻe ia ma mua o ka masonry e pale i ka nalowale o ka wai i ka mortar.
3.ʻO nā pōhakuʻeleʻele (Paʻa Paʻa Paʻa / Aerated)
●Nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono:
ʻO nā paia haʻahaʻa ʻole: ʻO nā paia ʻāpana o loko a me waho o nā hale kiʻekiʻe (e like me ka hoʻopiha ʻana i nā paia o nā hale paʻa), nā hale me nā koi hoʻōla ikaika (pono ka insulation thermal).
ʻAʻole kūpono no: Nā kumu, nā wahi pulu (e like me nā halepaku, nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa), nā hale lawe ukana.
●Pono:
ʻO ka māmā (ʻo 1/4 a 1/3 wale nō ka nui o nā pōhaku lepo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia), e hōʻemi nui ana i ka ukana a me ka mālama ʻana i ka nui o nā mea i hoʻoikaika ʻia.
ʻO ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa wela maikaʻi a me ke kani kani (ʻo 0.1-0.2W / (m・K) ka conductivity thermal), ʻo ia ka 1/5 o nā pōhaku lepo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia), e kū ana i nā kūlana mālama ikehu.
Hana maʻalahi: He nui ka poloka (he maʻamau ka nui), hiki ke ʻoki ʻia a hoʻolālā ʻia, kiʻekiʻe ka palahalaha o ka pā, a ua hoʻemi ʻia ka papa plastering.
●Nā hemahema:
ʻO ka ikaika haʻahaʻa (ʻo ka ikaika compressive ka hapa nui o A3.5-A5.0, kūpono wale no nā ʻāpana haʻahaʻa ʻole), ua maʻalahi ka ʻili o ka ʻili, a pono e pale ʻia ka collision.
ʻO ka hoʻoheheʻe wai ikaika (ʻo 20% -30%) ka nui o ka wai, pono ka mālama ʻana; he mea maʻalahi ke hoʻoluliluli ʻia i loko o kahi ʻāina pulu, a makemake ʻia kahi papa hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
Pono ka hoʻopili nāwaliwali me ka mortar maʻamau, ka mea hoʻopili kūikawā a i ʻole ka mea hoʻopili.
IV.Pehea e koho ai? Nā kumu kuhikuhi kumu
●Nā Koina Haawe:
Nā pā haawe: Hāʻawi i ka mea nui i nā pōhaku lepo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia (no nā hale kiʻekiʻe liʻiliʻi) a i ʻole nā ​​poloka sima ikaika kiʻekiʻe (MU10 a i luna).
ʻO nā paia haʻahaʻa ʻole: E koho i nā pōhaku lepo (e hāʻawi ana i ka mea nui i ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu) a i ʻole nā ​​poloka sima hakahaka (e hāʻawi mua i ke kumu kūʻai).
●Hoʻokohu wela a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu:
Ma nā ʻāina anu a i ʻole nā ​​hale mālama i ka ikehu: ʻO nā pōhaku lepo (me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻana i loko o ka wela), ʻaʻole koi ʻia kahi papa hoʻolale wela hou; i ke kauwela wela a me ke anu anuanu, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ke koho me ke aniau.
●Nā Kūlana Kaiapuni:
Ma nā wahi pulu (e like me nā haʻahaʻa, nā lumi kuke a me nā halepaku): ʻO nā pōhaku lepo a me nā poloka sima wale nō (pono ka mālama ʻana i ka wai) hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia, a pono e pale ʻia nā pōhaku lepo (hiki i ka pōʻino ma muli o ke komo ʻana o ka wai).
No nā ʻāpana i ʻike ʻia ma waho: E hāʻawi i ka mea nui i nā pōhaku lepo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia (ikaika i ke anuanu) a i ʻole nā ​​poloka sima me ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili.

Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo

●Nā pōhaku lepo i hoʻopaʻa ʻia:ʻO nā pōhaku lepo ikaika kiʻekiʻe, kūpono no nā hale haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me nā hale retro, me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi a me ka lōʻihi.

●ʻO nā pōhaku lepo sima:ʻO ka hoʻolimalima liʻiliʻi, nā ʻano huahana like ʻole, kūpono no nā pā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa / ʻole. Ma muli o ke kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe o ka sima, ua kiʻekiʻe iki ke kumukūʻai.

●Nā pōhaku lepo:ʻO ka koho mua no ka māmā a me ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu, kūpono no nā paia pā o loko o nā hale kiʻekiʻe a me nā hiʻohiʻona me ka insulation thermal kiʻekiʻe.nā koi, akā pono e uku ʻia i ka pale ʻana i ka wai a me nā palena ikaika.

E like me nā koi kikoʻī o ka papahana (kaumaha, mālama i ka ikehu, ka honua, kālā), pono lākou e hoʻohana pono i ka hui. No ka lawe ʻana i ka ukana, koho i nā pōhaku lepo. No nā kumu, koho i nā pōhaku lepo. No nā pā pā a me nā hale noho, e koho i nā pōhaku lepo a me nā pōhaku lepo sima. No nā kūkulu hale, koho i nā pōhaku lepo māmā no nā paia ʻāpana a me nā paia hoʻopiha.